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┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ │ HELP │ │ NEXT │ │ PREVIOUS│ │ CONTENTS│ │ QUIT │ └──────────┘ └──────────┘ └──────────┘ └──────────┘ └──────────┘ Chapter 10. Graphics ... The graphics capabilities in Black Magic provide one of the most intriguing
aspects of hypertext. Example Hypertext and Graphics Restrictions Note Links Reference Links
Replacement Links GrabIt The Convert Utility The ability to freely intermix graphics and text
to form completely new information structures. Example By using hypertext to combine graphics and text, experiences in reading similar to those of books can be created. For example reading text on a computer screen is a very different experience than reading it in a book. Books have illustrations, and can be easily skimmed through by page flipping. Books as straight computer text have had none of that until now. However with hypertext, illustrations can be put into a document, and then with links, effects similar to that of page flipping can be achieved. This chapter covers the use of graphics in Black Magic beginning with the symbols and terminology specific to Graphics & Black Magic, proceeding to the process of entering graphics into Black Magic, manipulating graphics while in Black Magic, and concludes with a discussion of graphics and hypertext. Hypertext and Graphics Graphics that are also hypertext are defined as such in the same fashion as text with a few minor differences. First of all, graphics can be either the link originator or the link end for Note links, or Reference links however
one graphic can have multiple graphic links embedded in it thus making this one image the source of many links. The other difference lies in the manner of marking an area of graphics that is to become hypertext. Marking Marking graphics is done by using the Mark Graphics key. To mark a graphic image as hypertext, place the cursor on the Graphic Indicator and press <F2>. This will call up a pair of cross hairs that appear on screen inside the box surrounding the graphic. These cross hairs are used to determine where the graphic link symbol is to be placed on the graphic; at the intersection of the cross hairs. With the cross hairs on screen, the arrowkeys are used to move them around and position them precisely. Marking the graphic image as a link, is done by pressing the key combination of the type of link it is to become when the cross hairs are in the right position. This will put a hypertext symbol at the same place as the center of the cross hairs, it will also cancel the cross hairs, just as the block definition would be canceled once a hypertext link is created. Summary - Marking 1. Move the cursor onto the Graphic Indicator. 2. Press <F2>. This will call up a pair of cross hairs on screen. 3. Use the arrow keys to manipulate the cross hairs until the Intersection of them is where you wish the Graphic Link inserted. 4. Press the key combination for the type of Graphic Link that you wish inserted. 5. The cross hairs will vanish, and the Graphic Link symbol will be inserted where they were. 6. Voila ... The link is done, repeat steps 1-6 for more links. Any graphic image can be marked with multiple links per image. However there are restrictions as to how the links work. If the link used is a Note link for example, there can be different Note
links for each hypertext symbol. The same is true for the Reference links,
each symbol can be keyed to a different Reference link. Note Links and Graphics Graphics As Link End Named Note Links Graphics can be incorporated into Note links in two ways. They can be both
the origin of a Note link (i.e. the link originator) or they can be the link
end (i.e. the material contained in a Note link). Note links can contain
either graphics or text but not both. However if you wish to add a caption to
a graphics contained in a Note link, we suggest naming the Note window. Graphics as Link Origin Making graphics the material for a Note link, is done through importing the
graphics into the Note link. The Note window will be automatically sized to
fit the graphics. Importing graphics into a Note link requires that the link be set up to the
point where the window is on screen, and the cursor is waiting for text entry.
At this point, the commands to import graphics have to be entered. Once entered, the graphics will be imported into the window, and the window will be
automatically sized to fit. Importing the graphics is done by pressing <Alt> <F9> filename.MGR The graphics will be imported into the window. You return to typing by
pressing <Esc> to traverse the link backwards. Graphics as Link End The other aspect of graphics and Note links is using a graphic to summon a
Note link. This is done in basically the same fashion as creating any other
link. To start with, we'll assume that there is a graphic on screen. Position the
cursor on the graphic indicator and press <F2>, this will put a set of cross
hairs on the screen. This is to allow precise positioning of the Graphic Link symbol. When the
cross hairs are aligned over the spot where the link is to be made from, press
the key strokes for a note link, and the symbol will be inserted onto the graphic. Once the symbol is inserted into the graphic, a Note window will be
called up on screen for the Note entry. Reference Link and Graphics As with Note links, graphics can be either the Link Originator or the Link End
for a Reference link. Graphic as Link Originator Making a graphic the link originator for a Reference link is done in much the
same fashion as it is for a note link. Summary - Link Originator 1. The graphic is marked. 2. the Reference link keys are struck. 3 The material for the reference link is entered. There can be multiple Reference links stemming from a single graphic -
essentially as many as there are room for the graphic link symbols. Example Example - Reference Link and Graphics Graphic as Link End Using a graphic as a link end for a Reference link is again similar to the
Note link described in detail previously. The Reference link is made, and you are at a new screen for text to be
entered. Rather than entering text, you decide to import a graphic. This is
done by typing: <Alt> <F9> FILENAME.MGR <Enter> The graphic is imported, and a graphic indicator symbol appears with it on
screen. Now that the graphic is in the Reference link and serving as a link
end, you have the option of typing to add text to the graphic, or simply pressing <Esc> to traverse the link backwards. This method of using graphics for the link ends is both simple and powerful,
and lets you use text to annotate the graphic. This is how the demo file USA.MAG was created. The original graphic was imported into Black Magic, and a single reference graphic link originator was embedded in each state. " &The Below Replacement Link contains a graphic image of circles: Technique EXAMPLE of the file CIRCLES.MGR GrabIt - A TSR Example
General Summary More on Grabit GrabIt is a TSR program that is used to take "snapshots" of computer screens
for importation in Black Magic. All the screens that are captured with GrabIt
are stored to disk for future importation into Magic. Incompatibilities Using GrabIt GrabIt is extremely simple to use. To begin with, GrabIt must be loaded from
the DOS prompt. This is done by typing: GRABIT filename /R /0 This command allows you to specify the following things. "filename" is the first eight letters of the file that you to use. The "/R" specification is used to release GrabIt from memory after use
allowing all memory used by it to be returned to DOS. The "/0" specification is used to activate the rolling file numbers feature
of GrabIt. This feature will number each succesively captured file. Example An example for starting GrabIT would be: GrabIt PICTURE /0 This would install GrabIt into memory to save to the file PICTURE.MGR after it
was activated by pressing the <Alt> G key combination. Once the <Alt> G key combination is pressed a box is placed on screen. The
purpose of this box is to use it encase the graphics that you wish to capture
from the screen. The size of the box can be adjusted using the arrow keys.
At first adjustments are made to the upper left hand corner. Pressing the
<SpaceBar> toggles back and forth between this corner and the lower right hand
corner. Once the box is positioned where it should be, the file is created after the
<ENTER> key is pressed. The Next file that will be created is PICTUR0.MGR, then PICTUR1.MGR, and so
on. NOTE:
General GrabIt can be used to take picture of every graphics screen capable on an
EGA, CGA, HGA, or VGA monitor. GrabIt is activated with the <ALT> G key
combination. You may notice that the boundaries of the sizing box do not
allow a full screen picture. This is due to the sizing that Black Magic must do when loading your image
into an illustration window. Since GrabIt and Black Magic are designed to
handle illustrations taken from any of the available graphics modes, a
conversion process is made to the.MGR file by GrabIt to facilitate a quicker reading by Black Magic and the Readers. This conversion process is
the reason behind the slow file operations for GrabIt. Summary of GrabIt's commands. <SpaceBar> Used to toggle between corners during box manipulation. <ArrowKeys> Used to change the box size by altering the positions of the corners. <Enter> Save the file specified. <Shift> <ArrowKey> Change the box size FAST. Because you may wish to change the filename the graphic is to be saved under,
GrabIt may be reinstalled without turning off your computer and without
uninstalling GrabIt. Merely restart GrabIt with a new "filename". The copy of
GrabIt in memory will then be updated. A second copy of GrabIt is not
installed, only the first is modified. Incompatibilities As with any TSR type program, there will be incompatibilities between GrabIt and other software programs. Although GrabIt has been designed to minimize these incompatibilities, they may show up. If any problems do appear, we ask that you please contact NTERGAID with the problems, so that we may remedy them. Known Incompatibilities GrabIt will not grab screens from any program running under Microsoft Windows. This includes both version 1.03 and Version 2.04. When the file is created the boundaries of the box will be included in the file, so the box should be positioned with that in mind. This facilitates capturing the edge of the screen in your .MGR file.) If you press any key while the file is being saved to disk a short beep will be heard. The one exception to this is the <ESC> key which will halt the save and will
exit out of GrabIt. CIRCLES HELP C11 C9 CONTENTS l cls C7 ) C7 Named Note Links and Graphics Named Windows In order to display the Graphic in a named note window, the window must be
named before the graphic is imported into the window. Un-Named Note Window with Graphic Named Note Window with Graphic CIRCLES CIRCLES C8 Example of Reference Link and Graphics CIRCLES ! !This came from a reference link To create a graphics replacement link like the one below you must have the
graphics on screen first then mark a block starting one line above graphics
symbol and ending one line after the graphic image. MANSUPP MANSUPP MANSUPP #
